Tautology Notes

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uncommon descent
http://www.uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/human-consciousness/ mind stuff

http://www.uncommondescent.com/science/darwin-vs-einstein/

Is natural selection proven wrong
http://gamahucherpress.yellowgum.com/books/philosophy/Natural_selection.pdf

http://acancercure.net/is-natural-selection-proven-wrong.html

Darwin on beaks
http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?viewtype=side&itemID=F401&pageseq=99

p.72 The justice of these remarks cannot, I think, be disputed. If, for instance, a bird of some kind could procure its food more easily by having its beak curved, and if one were born with its beak strongly curved, and which consequently flourished, nevertheless there would be a very poor chance of this one individual perpetuating its kind to the exclusion of the common form; but there can hardly be a doubt, judging by what we see taking place under domestication, that this result would follow from the preservation during many generations of a large number of individuals with more or less strongly curved beaks, and from the destruction of a still larger number with the straightest beaks.

In cases of this kind, if the variation were of a beneficial nature, the original form would soon be supplanted by the modified form, through the survival of the fittest.

p,76 I am well aware that this doctrine of natural selection, exempli- fied in the above imaginary instances, is open to the same objections which were first urged against Sir Charles Lyell's noble views on "the modern changes of the earth, as illustrative of geology;" but we now seldom hear the agencies which we see still at work, spoken of as trifling or insignificant, when used in explaining the excavation of the deepest valleys or the formation of long lines of inland cliffs. Natural selection acts only by the preservation and accumu- lation of small inherited modifications, each profitable to the pre- served being; and as modern geology has almost banished such

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views as the excavation of a great valley by a single diluvial wave, so will natural selection banish the belief of the continued creation of new organic beings, or of any great and sudden modification in their structure.

Aristotle on fitness
http://groups.google.com/group/talk.origins/browse_thread/thread/1bd8a311d0211e87/c2ef61a38fb208b3?lnk=raot

tautology revised artilce on talk.origins
http://groups.google.com/group/talk.origins/browse_frm/thread/1bd8a311d0211e87/25610336a54d088a#25610336a54d088a

affinities between atoms
darwin section on the ambiguity with selection

lucretius on creation
Lucretius on creation and evolution: a commentary on De rerum natura, book ... By Gordon Campbell, Gordon Lindsay Campbell

http://bit.ly/cHhKpR note the tautology on the page